Tensile properties analysis of fibers during the preparation of fibrous material for carding of web forming

Diplomska naloga obravnava analizo nateznih lastnosti vlaken v fazi priprave prediva za mikalniški postopek izdelave netkanih tekstilij z namenom ugotoviti, ali prihaja v tej fazi do kakršnih koli poškodb oz. zmanjšanja nateznih lastnosti vlaken. Analiza nateznih lastnosti vlaken se nanaša na konkretno procesno linijo priprave prediva različnega surovinskega sestava, finosti in dolžine vlaken (predivo iz PES vlaken, PP vlaken, meta aramidnih vlaken ter iz mešanice PAN vlaken z različno finostjo in dolžino) za izdelavo kopren, v katero so vključene naslednje tehnološke faze: klimatizacija in relaksacija prediva, obzirno rahljanje, intenzivno rahljanje, mešanje prediva, odmerjanje določene količine kosmičev, intenzivno rahljanje in dovajanje kosmičev. Vzorci prediva so bili odvzeti na treh mestih, in sicer iz skladišča, po mešanju prediva iz mešalne komore in iz dozirnika kosmičev, nameščenem tik pred mikalnikom. Natezne lastnosti so bile izmerjene v skladu s standardom SIST EN ISO 5079. Rezultati analize nateznih lastnosti so pokazali, da v fazi priprave prediva konkretnega proizvajalca netkanih tekstilij ne prihaja do poškodb vlaken.The diploma work deals with the analysis of the tensile properties of fibres during the preparation of fibrous material for carding process of web forming in order to find out if some damages of fibres or reductions of tensile properties of fibres occur during this phase of web production. Analysis of fibres’ tensile properties is focused on the fibrous material preparation line of certain nonwoven producer, which consist of the following technological phases: relaxation and conditioning – bale opening – intensive loosening – blending – feeding – intensive loosening and batt forming. The fibrous material with different fibre’s type, fineness and length (fibrous material from PES, PP, and meta-aramid fibres, and fibres from the mixture of two different PAN fibres regarding fineness and length) were taken into account. The fibrous material samples were taken at three points, namely from the store, after the blending from the blending chamber, and from the chute feed, located just before the carding machine, and tested according to the SIST EN ISO 5079. The results show no fibres’ damages during the fibrous material preparation phase of certain nonwovens producer

STANDARDS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE: FACADES IN WOOD

To diplomsko delo obravnava fasadne obloge iz lesa kot arhitekturni element, zasnovan na principu trajnostnega načrtovanja. V tem diplomskem delu se v prvem sklopu lotevamo problematike lesenih oblog iz vidika izbire materiala, načinov in postopkov pritrjevanja glede na tipologijo fasadnih sistemov, kompozicije oblikovanja lesenih elementov ter nujnosti upoštevanja trajnega cikličnega vzdrževanja lesa zaradi izpostavljenosti različnim vplivom. V drugem sklopu so prikazani arhitekturni primeri, izbrani na osnovi različnih tipologij fasadnih oblog. V njihovi obravnavi povzemamo arhitekturne, oblikovne in tehnične rešitve ter analiziramo, kako so predstavljena teoretična izhodišča prenesena v praktično izvedbo.The main subjects of this graduation thesis are wooden facade panels as an architectural element of facades based on a long-term principal of sustainable planning. This means that a selection of wooden material, its methods and procedures of fitting are chosen realistically considering the types of facade systems, composition and orientation and the need of permanent maintenance because of exposure to different conditions. In the second part of the graduation thesis the best practice architectural examples are shown, selected on the basis of different typologies of wooden elements. These examples summarize and show how the theoretical basis are transferred into practical implementation

THE NEW ARCHITECTURAL ICON OF CELJE

Magistrsko delo obravnava problematiko enega najpotencialnejših mestnih prostorov, a hkrati degradiranega zemljišča tik ob starem mestnem jedru in ga rešuje z zasnovo parterja in umestitvijo nove sodobne arhitekturne ikone kot simbiotske celote, ki bo zagotavljala povezovanje urbanih mestnih tkiv v logično soodvisno strukturo. Z novo predvidenim poslovno-stanovanjskim nebotičnikom smo želeli doseči nadstandardno bivanje, saj tovrstnih objektov Celju primanjkuje. Del programa smo nameniti javnosti, in sicer z mestno restavracijo na vrhu ter trgom v parterju. Hkrati želimo z umestitvijo podzemne garaže staro mestno jedro, ki je v neposredni bližini, razbremeniti motornih vozil, pri čemer bi se vloga motornega prometa znatno zmanjšala, pomen pešca pa bi se s tem izjemno zvišal, ter dopolnil težnjo k prehodnemu oz. pretočnemu značaju tega prostora. Z zasnovo odprtega parterja smo oblikovali javni prostor, ki spaja mestna tkiva, jih povezuje v urbane ambiente ter tvori novo mestno površino.My master\u27s thesis addresses the problem of one of the most potential urban places, but also the downgraded land, which is right beside the old urban core. It resolves it with designing a round floor and placing a new, modern arhitectural icon as a symbiotic whole, which will ensure the connection of urban city tissues into logical correlational structure. We wanted to provide higher standard residence with a newly foreseen business - residential skyscraper, because such buildings lack the city Celje. The part of the program is intended for the public, namely with the urban restoration at the top and the square in the ground floor. At the same time we wanted to relieve the amount of motor vehicles in the old urban core, that is nearby, by placing the underground garage, because that would considerably reduce the role of motor traffic and extremely raise the significance of a pedestrian, and supplement the tendency towards transient and decanted character of that place. With designing the open paretrre, we formed a public place, which joints the urban tissues, connects them into urban ambience and forms a new, urban area